Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Bivalent Influenza Vaccine in One- and Two-Dose Trials in Children: A Summary
Identifieur interne : 002A57 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002A56; suivant : 002A58Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Bivalent Influenza Vaccine in One- and Two-Dose Trials in Children: A Summary
Auteurs : Peter A. Gross [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 0022-1899 ] ; 1977.
Abstract
The reactivity and immunogenicity of bivalent (A/New Jersey/76 and A/Victoria/ 75) influenza vaccines in children are summarized for all high-risk and normal groups. Two whole-virus vaccines (WVVs) manufactured by Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD; West Point, Pennsylvania) and Merrell-National Laboratories, (MN; Cincinnati, Ohio) and one split-product vaccine (SPV) produced by Parke, Davis and Company (PD; Detroit, Michigan) were compared. The first study was a onedose trial in the six- to 18-year-old group. The reaction index and percentage of children with temperatures of ⩾102 F were negligible in the groups given placebo and SPV but were significantly higher in children receiving WVVs. The geometric mean titer of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody and the percentage of children with titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody of ⩾40 were greatest for WVVs, but no vaccine was sufficiently immunogenic. Therefore, a two-dose trial was conducted with PD 400/400 (the numbers refer to the number of chick cell-agglutinating units of each vaccine), MN 100/100, and MSD 50/50 for children aged six to 18 years and half these vaccine dosages for children aged three to five years The reactivity after administration of both WVVs was markedly reduced compared with that in the one-dose trial, and reactivity was not increased for the PD vaccine. Reactivity after the second dose of each vaccine was similar to that with placebo. After the second dose of WVV, 67%–75% of children had hemagglutination-inhibition titers of ⩾40; after the SPV this figure was 88%–90%. The serologic response to the A/Victoria/75 antigen was better than the response to the A/New Jersey antigen after one dose of vaccine. Thus, two doses of PD vaccine resulted in the greatest hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody response and the least reactivity in the subjects aged three to 18 years.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/136.Supplement_3.S616
Affiliations:
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